Dissociating Movement from Movement Timing in the Rat Primary Motor Cortex

Dissociating movement from movement timing in the rat primary motor cortex.

Neural encoding of the passage of time to produce temporally precise movements remains an open question. Neurons in several brain regions across different experimental contexts encode estimates of temporal intervals by scaling their activity in proportion to the interval duration. In motor cortex the degree to which this scaled activity relies upon afferent feedback and is guided by motor outpu...

Voluntary Movement: The Primary Motor Cortex

The Largest Response Component in the Motor Cortex Reflects Movement Timing but Not Movement Type

Neural activity in monkey motor cortex (M1) and dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) can reflect a chosen movement well before that movement begins. The pattern of neural activity then changes profoundly just before movement onset. We considered the prediction, derived from formal considerations, that the transition from preparation to movement might be accompanied by a large overall change in the neur...

The largest response component in motor cortex reflects movement timing but not movement type

Matthew T. Kaufman, Jeffrey S. Seely, David Sussillo, Stephen I. Ryu, Krishna V. Shenoy and Mark M. Churchland Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 Cold Sp...

Muscle and movement representations in the primary motor cortex.

What aspects of movement are represented in the primary motor cortex (M1): relatively low-level parameters like muscle force, or more abstract parameters like handpath? To examine this issue, the activity of neurons in M1 was recorded in a monkey trained to perform a task that dissociates three major variables of wrist movement: muscle activity, direction of movement at the wrist joint, and dir...